The application of collagen in food packaging mainly focuses on edible packaging film. Edible packaging film is a kind of film with porous network structure, which is made of natural edible substances (such as protein, polysaccharide, cellulose and its derivatives) through the interaction between different molecules.
The proportion of sausage products in meat products is increasing. Before 1925, casing materials for edible packaging were made from animal intestines. The casings were not only practical, but also capable of keeping consistent shrinkage with meat when heated. As the output of traditional natural casing products is limited by many factors, there is a shortage of casings in the market. Forced by the market demand, many food experts at home and abroad began to study the substitute of natural casings artificial casings. As early as the 1940s, the collagen peptide production line in Germany was able to produce artificial casings by high-pressure extrusion, but this kind of casings can not withstand high temperature and other shortcomings. Many foreign food scientists have studied and improved the method of producing casings from animal skins, and most of the research results are in the form of patents. For example, the collagen membrane is treated with papain before extraction or dyeing, which can improve the tensile strength and tenderness of casings. Higgins et al. Added a certain amount of pyrogen into the swelling collagen paste. Carlini et al. Found that sodium alginate can also improve the properties of casings made from collagen. When glyoxal and glutaraldehyde are used as crosslinking agents, the thermal stability of the products can be greatly improved. The edible packaging films of industrial technology laboratory, Linyuan Biochemical Research Institute, Osaka chemical alloy company and Mitsubishi Rayon company have the characteristics of transparency, high strength, good printability, heat sealing, gas resistance, water resistance and moisture resistance. They have been used in the packaging of condiments, sweeteners, soups, sausages and other foods.
At present, a small part of casings used in cooked meat industry in China are natural casings, and most of them are substitutes such as plastic film. None of these substitutes are edible, and plastic casings are not resistant to boiling, frying and smoking. Collagen membrane casings with skin collagen as the main component can just make up for the defects of plastic casings, and collagen itself is a nutritious high protein food. At present, meat food packaged with collagen film has been widely used in developed countries such as the United States and Japan. There are many reports about collagen peptide production line.
Collagen film has the functions of oil resistance, oxygen resistance, water resistance, anti oxidant and antibacterial agent carrier, fragrance retention and other functions. It can be widely used in the packaging of meat products, smoked chicken, fried meat, yogurt, packaging powder adhesive tape and food ingredients; it can be used as casing packaging sausage, frozen meat, etc.; it can be made into packaging bags of cocoa powder, coffee, spices and medicinal capsules.
Collagen can also be used as food adhesive and fiber film, used as packaging paper for meat, fish, etc., and also as a protective layer of food. Bekkulieva et al. Sprayed collagen solution onto the meat to form a protective film, which could reduce the loss of meat weight during storage.
With the enhancement of people's awareness of environmental protection, plastic food packaging bags will be replaced by new paper packaging bags and edible packaging bags. Collagen peptide production line is also a worldwide trend. In 1991, Italy, the world's largest food exporting country, explicitly announced that the use of plastic food packaging bags was prohibited. Britain also began to use an edible, thin and transparent film to protect fruits and vegetables since 1991. Germany, Switzerland, Australia and other countries are gradually eliminating plastic food packaging bags. China also implemented the "green packaging" project during the "Ninth Five Year Plan". Therefore, collagen has broad application prospects in food packaging.
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